Mining

Part A:

Strip Mining

Strip mining is a type of surface mining, which involves the removal of a thin layer of material known as an “overburden” to access buried deposits of useful minerals. It is only effective in areas where mineral deposits are close to the surface because it makes it feasible to quickly and easily remove the overburden to get to them. It is used to mine tar sand and coal. In this technique, the first step is removing the trees, shrubs, and structures on the area to be mined; this process usually involves using heavy-duty bulldozers. Next would be to drill holes for the placement of explosives, which loosen the overburden so that it can be removed. Once it is exposed, the minerals can be extracted. Pros of strip mining are that its better efficiency, cost, and safety compared to underground mining. The cons of strip mining would include the destruction of the natural ecosystem, potential for environment pollutants. Nearby water sources can also become contaminated by the dumping of excavated material and from the use of extraction solvents.

Shaft Mining

Shaft mining is a used to vertically gain access to an underground mining facility. There are many different components, which make up the shaft. The vertical central shaft of a shaft mine is known as a service cage, which is used to transport personnel. The shaft is split into different sections; each is vertical as they run parallel to the service cage. The service cage contains a large elevator, which is used to transport mining personnel up and down the shaft to different levels. Outside of the service cage are small shafts called skips. They are used to transport ore to the surface. They can also be used for other necessities such as pipelines for water and fuel, along with ventilation systems. These are essential parts of shaft mining (water, fuel and air play).  Pros of shaft mining are that it allows the land above to be used for other purposes, it is less harmful to the environment and wildlife, and it provides access to mineral deposits in any direction beneath the earth. Cons would include that it is dangerous, harmful toxins and chemical can be inhaled, and it is much more expensive.

Part B:

As a spouse of a miner I would want my husband to work in strip mining because of safety purposes, it is much safer compared to shaft mining. As an owner of a mining company I would prefer to own strip mining because it is cheaper than shaft mining. As an environmentalist I would much rather prefer shaft mining because it is less harmful to the environment and wildlife, whereas strip mining causes destruction of natural ecosystems. As an owner of a nearby ski resort, I would prefer shaft mining because it is more “hidden” allowing it to be less disruptive to my business. As a politician I would prefer shaft mining because it is more environmentally friendly compared to strip mining.

Part C:

Brazil ranks as one of the world’s leading countries for mining investment. Since 1995, the country has had an internationally competitive mining legislation attractive to miners. The country offers ample infrastructure, technical personnel, highly skilled professionals and an established legal system. Currently, Brazil is the fourth largest producer of gold in the world. It also possesses world-class bauxite, gold, iron, ore, manganese, nickel, copper, phosphate, platinum, tin and uranium deposits.